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5 Magic Phrases to Be More Likable

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Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.

Some people are natural conversationalists. I’m not one of them. 

Like many people, I’ve always felt awkward in conversation. That’s especially hard as an entrepreneur, where talking to people is half the job. Good conversations can drive our businesses and relationships. We like to buy from, work with, and collaborate with people who are easy to talk to. 

That’s why I spent the past two decades studying the patterns of master conversationalists for my latest book, Conversation: How to Connect with Anyone & Make Every Interaction Count. I learned that people who come off as instantly likable use certain phrases over and over again to build rapport. Now I’m passing those phrases along so that you can use them in team meetings, investor calls, and client sessions to make your small talk infinitely better. 

The phrases involve compliments and moments of connection, so only use them if they feel authentic. Never fake it. Here are five to try. 

1. ‘I was just thinking about you!’ 

Everyone likes to be remembered. So telling someone, “I was just thinking of you!” immediately sparks connection. For example, I wanted to check in with a certain VIP but wasn’t sure how. She had been on my mind, so I just reached out and told her exactly that. Here’s what I sent: 

→ Subject: I was just thinking about you! I stopped by the pier this weekend and stumbled upon the national skimboarding competition! Of course, it made me think of you. Did you ever end up designing your own board? I took a video of the winning skim, attached. Incredible, right? 

She immediately wrote back raving about the video I sent and attached a picture of the skimboard she had designed. It triggered a request for a catch-up call, then a taco breakfast, and then an invite to speak at her company’s corporate retreat. 

This is a powerful phrase you can use absolutely anywhere. For example: 

→ If someone pops into your head, text them: “Hey! I was just thinking of you and wanted to check in. Anything new and exciting?” 

→ If you see something that reminds you of someone in your life, share it with them and say, “I just saw this amazing [blank], and it made me think of you!” 

→ If you need to reach out to someone, say, “Long time no talk. Someone recently mentioned a [blank], and, of course, I thought of you.” 

These are casual, immediately put someone at ease by reminding them they are top of mind, and make them feel good. Magic. 

2. ‘Tell me more!’

The research is clear: Asking people questions, especially follow-up questions, makes you more likable. It shows that you’re engaged, responsive, and genuinely interested. 

And here’s the simplest follow-up of all: Just say, “Tell me more!” 

For example, I once visited the emergency room for very bad food poisoning. (I was fine, but I’ll never eat scallops again.) My nurse seemed grumpy, but I was very grateful for her help and wanted her to feel appreciated. I noticed a little pin above her name badge, so I asked, “Is that a pin for Mellow Velo? I just walked by there last week. It’s a bike spot, right?” 

She brightened. “Yes! I’m an avid biker and I’m helping them organize a big bike ride for families.” I was tired and wasn’t sure what to say next. I also don’t know how to ride a bike (true, and embarrassing). So I just said, “Tell me more!” 

Then off she went, telling me about their great local initiatives. She spent far longer in my room and stopped by frequently to check on me (once with a warm blanket!). 

Here’s an advanced way to use this question. Let’s say someone is mid-story at a networking event or group dinner, and they get interrupted. The waiter arrives, someone asks for the salt, and the conversation shifts. The person might never get to finish their story — unless you say, “You were saying something so interesting. Please tell me more!” They’ll love you forever. 

3. ‘Last time we were talking, you mentioned…’ 

Want to become effortlessly likable with someone you’ve met before? Just say: “Last time we were talking, you mentioned…” paired with something that lit them up the last time you talked. 

For example, you could say: “Last time we spoke, you mentioned you were going to Greece on vacation. How was that?” Or ask about the big project they mentioned, or a show you both love. 

This packs a powerful emotional punch. It shows that you pay attention, have a good memory, and consider them worthy of being memorable. 

In fact, this is how Earvin “Magic” Johnson first impressed the woman who became his wife, Cookie. They attended a Michigan State University party. Shortly after, Magic showed up at her dorm room with a carefully selected surprise — yellow roses, because she had mentioned she likes yellow. It was, she said, the “sweetest thing any guy who’d ever showed romantic interest in me had done.” 

4. ‘Same here!’ 

Research consistently shows: We like people who are like us. We’re more likely to start conversations online with people whose profiles show shared interests. Teams collaborate better when members have shared interests. And we’re even more likely to be persuaded by someone we can relate to. 

This is why, at the start of a negotiation or meeting, it can be valuable to highlight mutual likes — to make someone say, “Same here!” The common ground can be as simple as your age, hometown, or background. 

I discovered this myself in 2025, when I got an unexpected email from Khloé Kardashian’s team. They said she’s a fan of my work(!) and wanted me on her podcast. I’d never met someone so famous, and I was terrified of the small talk we’d have before the interview. So I made a list of things we have in common to spark “same here!” moments — like how we both attended all-girls schools and we both have two kids. I told her these when we met, and it was like activating instant bestie mode. Suddenly, everything flowed. When our recording was done, she told me, “I didn’t want that to end.” 

That’s the power of “same here!” energy. It isn’t just chemistry. It’s psychology. 

5. ‘You’re so…!’ 

What makes someone instantly likable? You might think it’s charm or cleverness. But often, it’s this: making others feel valued. 

In every conversation, people are quietly wondering, Am I being boring? Am I doing well? Do they like me? Your job is to answer those questions before they’re asked. Humans love to be validated for who they are, not just what they do. Frequently. Don’t assume you’ve said it before, or that someone knows how valued they are. We can almost never receive too much validation if it’s genuine. 

Doing so is simple. If you appreciate something about someone, tell them! Just say: “You’re so…” then you can highlight their humor, charisma, or even punctuality. 

In fact, this is how legendary fashion designer Cristóbal Balenciaga got his start. He grew up poor and shy in a small Basque fishing village. Every Sunday, he’d catch glimpses of the town’s fashionable Marquesa de Casa Torres descending the church steps in her couture. One morning, unable to contain himself, he exclaimed: “How elegant you are!” (In other words: You’re so elegant.) 

That stopped her in her tracks. She asked Balenciaga about his eye for fashion and discovered his love for style. A few days later, she handed him the dress he had admired so much and asked him to copy it. He did. A career was born. 

Positive labels help people see themselves in a new light. And when you give someone a label they want to embody, they often rise to it. NOW I CHALLENGE YOU: Use one of these five phrases in your next conversation. And watch how quickly your connection with them improves.   

From CONVERSATION: How to Connect with Anyone & Make Every Interaction Count by Vanessa Van Edwards, published on October 6, 2026, by Portfolio, an imprint of Penguin Publishing Group, a division of Penguin Random House, LLC. ©2026 by Vanessa Van Edwards

Some people are natural conversationalists. I’m not one of them. 

Like many people, I’ve always felt awkward in conversation. That’s especially hard as an entrepreneur, where talking to people is half the job. Good conversations can drive our businesses and relationships. We like to buy from, work with, and collaborate with people who are easy to talk to. 

That’s why I spent the past two decades studying the patterns of master conversationalists for my latest book, Conversation: How to Connect with Anyone & Make Every Interaction Count. I learned that people who come off as instantly likable use certain phrases over and over again to build rapport. Now I’m passing those phrases along so that you can use them in team meetings, investor calls, and client sessions to make your small talk infinitely better. 

Targeted Chase Sapphire Preferred Upgrade Offer: 75K Points for Moving to Reserve

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Targeted Chase Sapphire Preferred Upgrade Offer: 75K Points for Moving to Reserve


Chase Sapphire Reserve Upgrade Offer: 75K Bonus Points

Chase appears to be sending out an attractive Sapphire Reserve upgrade offer to select Sapphire Preferred cardholders.

A Reddit user reports receiving an email offering 75,000 Ultimate Rewards points for upgrading from the Chase Sapphire Preferred to the Sapphire Reserve and spending $4,000 by mid-December. 

Chase Sapphire Reserve Upgrade Offer: 75K Bonus Points

What makes this data point particularly interesting is that the cardholder says they had already received a Sapphire Reserve welcome bonus about two years ago. They had since downgraded to the Preferred, and had previously received a Preferred bonus as well.

Another commenter reported previously receiving a smaller 25,000-point upgrade offer, suggesting Chase may be targeting cardholders with different offers. Some emails don;t have an offer at all, so it’s importnat to carefully check the terms of your own offer.

Guru’s Wrap-up

75,000 points for an upgrade is an excellent offer, especially since this cardholder had already earned a Reserve welcome bonus in the past. Check your email if you currently have a Sapphire Preferred, but this appears to be targeted, so don’t expect everyone to see it.

Why China’s AI startups will need to turn to IPOs and private credit

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Why China’s AI startups will need to turn to IPOs and private credit



By many measures, China is fast catching up with the U.S. in AI development. Moonshot’s Kimi K3—the world’s largest open-weight model—has approached the performance of America’s frontier systems. Analysts estimate the best Chinese models are now just four months behind the most sophisticated releases from OpenAI and Anthropic, compared to seven months at the start of the year.

Chinese models have gone from 1.2% of token traffic (a common way to calculate AI usage) in 2024 to more than half of the total by the summer of 2026.

 But the biggest threat to that next wave is not technology. It’s money. Between 2023 and 2026, venture funding into U.S. AI companies topped $380 billion; China’s start-ups received barely a tenth of that figure, according to Boston Consulting Group.

Funding the future

In the past, Chinese entrepreneurs looked to state guidance funds and venture capital backing, but policy-driven funds are known to prioritize later-stage startups while early-stage venture capital is only just recovering from a three-year fundraising drought.

There are three reasons why broader funding channels should be a priority for entrepreneurs in the AI economy.

First, inflation is taking hold inside the AI economy. CXMT, for example, has been raising memory prices for months and held firm even when Huawei, one of its largest customers, demanded relief.  

The war for AI talent is just as fierce: postings for AI-related roles surged roughly twelvefold year-on-year in early 2026. Algorithm engineers specializing in large language models command some of the highest pay packages of any technical role in China.

Founders must also outcompete deep-pocketed former employers and U.S. rivals. More than half of studies presented at the world’s top AI conference had lead authors based in China. China’s AI talent is known to be in demand worldwide.

Second, external funding is scarce. Venture investment in China totaled just $20 billion in the first quarter of 2026, against $267 billion in the U.S. China has raised impressive sums this year—assets under management for newly registered VC funds hit 154 billion yuan ($22.8 billion) in the first five monthes, already exceeding last year’s total—but that is still far below what US venture capital regularly deploys.

Meanwhile, China’s state banks, although directed to prioritize technology lending, are absorbing rising non-performing loans elsewhere on their books, which could lead to weaker overall credit supply.

Third, profitability will take a while to achieve. Chinese enterprise software firms primarily sell into the domestic market, which limits their revenue base. U.S. rivals have a head start: a global customer base, stronger brand recognition, and R&D budgets deep enough to fund everything from enterprise-grade cybersecurity to polished customer experience design.

To be sure, the next generation of AI ventures may not need vast amounts of capital to build applications on top of existing models or fill the gaps in the tech value chain.  Enterprise customers can also provide essential development funding.

Entrepreneurs must nevertheless cope without the kind of financial support that is available for the AI sector in the U.S. Closing the performance gap increasingly depends on bulking up in-house computing capacity—yet China’s AI infrastructure spending remains a fraction of what is being spent in the U.S.

Private market alternatives

This is where access to Hong Kong’s finance industry will play a growing role. Its capital markets remain one of the few channels still capable of moving global capital toward Chinese enterprise at scale. More than 430 applicants are in the IPO pipeline in the second half of 2026.

The IPO pipeline, however, tells its own story. Many Chinese technology startups are choosing to list earlier than the previous generation of companies did because they lack an alternative.

Compare that with the U.S., where the likes of OpenAI and Anthropic have grown to an enormous scale by raising private capital. OpenAI closed a round of more than $100 billion earlier this year, while Anthropic raised $65 billion in May. China’s leading model developers, Zhipu AI and MiniMax, beat OpenAI and Anthropic to the public markets—but their Hong Kong IPOs in January raised just $558 million and $620 million respectively, despite heavy over-subscription.

Private credit is another route. Asia-Pacific private credit assets are projected to grow from $59 billion in 2024 to $92 billion by 2027, with China accounting for a fifth of the region’s activity. However, these loan providers tend to prioritize bigger or established companies.

It is already clear that the AI sector, unlike the software sector, will not be dominated by U.S. firms alone. China’s startups have learned the lessons of the previous decade, commanding global respect and winning a growing customer base. The country’s open-weight strategy has given its leading AI companies a cost advantage – even Silicon Valley leaders acknowledge it.

For China’s latest generation of AI entrepreneurs, venture capital and bank loans—the two main sources of start-up funding – may not be enough in the coming years. Keeping pace in the AI race will require using every asset and every channel available. It may mean a public listing earlier than they would have preferred, exploring the growing private credit ecosystem, revenue sharing with customers or leveraging the equity they hold as collateral.

The entrepreneurs involved in the next wave of China’s AI development will need to be creative with funding to maintain their competitive edge at a time when overseas rivals are spending 10 times as much.

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.

Wells Fargo HUD probe signals risk for race-based lending

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Wells Fargo HUD probe signals risk for race-based lending



Processing Content

  • Key insight: A federal regulator is using the Fair Housing Act to target a lender’s minority lending initiative. 
  • Expert Quote: “Wells Fargo and all of its employees that engaged in race-based decision-making should be ashamed of themselves.” — Scott Turner, Department of Housing and Urban Development Secretary 
  • Supporting data: The Trump administration banned special purpose credit programs last year. 
    Overview bullets generated by AI with editorial review.

The Trump administration is investigating Wells Fargo over its past efforts to improve the Black homeownership rate, in a new attack on Biden-era diversity initiatives.

Department of Housing and Urban Development Secretary Scott Turner chastised Wells for dividing Americans based on race, in a statement Wednesday regarding the probe. It’s another blow to the bank which was also hit with lawsuits in recent years over its alleged discrimination toward Black consumers. 

“Wells Fargo and all of its employees that engaged in race-based decision-making should be ashamed of themselves,” said Turner in a statement. 

In a letter to Wells Fargo CEO Charlie Scharf Wednesday, a HUD senior official said the regulator would investigate the bank’s mortgage lending practices to aid minority homeowners. Wells previously committed $150 million to lower mortgage rates and reduce refinance costs for eligible black homeowners, to address historical gaps in racial homeownership rates. 

“The program was more aggressive than “usual lending programs” by putting shareholders’ “money to work refinancing minority families’ homes,” wrote Craig W. Trainor, the assistant secretary for Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity at HUD. 

The letter didn’t explicitly accuse Wells of discriminating against white homeowners, but Trainor emphasized the company’s potential violations of the Fair Housing Act, a Civil Rights Act law prohibiting discrimination based on factors including race. 

HUD also seized on Wells Fargo’s marketing, in which it previously declared in a press release that its diversity efforts exceeded those of “the next three largest bank lenders combined.”

A spokesperson for Wells declined to comment. 

DEI under fire

The letter invoked special purpose credit programs, which the Trump administration quickly banned last year. Secretary Turner has also been a staunch opponent of DEI since taking the helm at HUD, both in the government and in the housing market.

Wells Fargo has been subject to numerous claims in recent years, including recurring accusations that it discriminates against minorities. That includes a major lawsuit, which originated in 2022, that scrutinized the company’s underwriting technology in wrongfully denying or saddling Asian, Black and Hispanic borrowers with higher rates. 

A federal judge halted that case last summer, denying class certification for potentially over 100,000 members. That litigation followed a 2022 Bloomberg report that found the bank had the largest lending disparity between whites and minorities during the refinance boom earlier this decade.



Finance guy reacts to money

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Finance guy reacts to money



Business guy reacts to bills, cash, money, and dollars

#business #news #react

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Average Student Loan Debt By State In 2026

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Average Student Loan Debt By State In 2026



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The average federal student loan borrower owes $38,400 across the 50 states, D.C. and Puerto Rico, but that number moves by $26,000 depending on where you live. Our analysis of the Department of Education’s Federal Student Aid portfolio data ranks every state, plus D.C. and Puerto Rico, by average balance, borrower count, the share of borrowers owing six figures and the share in default. Our student loan debt statistics page tracks the national totals over time.

Use the interactive state map to find your state, then compare it with the rest of the country. Each state links to its student loan repayment assistance programs, which matter far more to your payment than your state’s average.

Average Student Loan Debt By State: Key Points

The three numbers that matter most, from Federal Student Aid data as of March 31, 2026.

D.C. leads, North Dakota trails: Borrowers in Washington, D.C. owe $56,200 on average, while North Dakota borrowers owe $30,200. Maryland ($45,600) has the highest average of any state, and our average debt by graduating class shows how balances build.
Texas passed California: Texas now has the most federal student loan borrowers, 3,949,900 to California’s 3,919,500. Our Texas student loan repayment assistance programs page covers what the state offers.
One in five borrowers is in default: 21.2% of federal borrowers have a defaulted loan, and they owe $24,300 on average, about $14,100 less than the average borrower. Defaults cluster among borrowers with smaller balances. Getting out of default comes before any other plan.

$38,400
Average Balance
50 states, D.C. and Puerto Rico
$56,200
Highest: D.C.
Maryland leads states at $45,600
$30,200
Lowest: North Dakota
South Dakota is next at $31,900
21.2%
Borrowers In Default
9.0 million borrowers

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What Is The Average Student Loan Debt In Your State?

Tap or hover any state. Switch views to compare borrowers, six-figure balances and defaults.

Average federal student loan debt ranges from $30,200 in North Dakota to $56,200 in Washington, D.C., with most states between $34,000 and $41,000. The darkest states on the map carry the largest balances, led by D.C., Maryland, Georgia, Virginia and Florida. Select any state to see its full numbers, plus links to its state student loan repayment assistance programs and, where one exists, its state financial aid page. Darker, redder states carry heavier debt loads, and lighter states are better off.

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Federal student loans by borrower’s current address. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Federal Student Aid, data as of March 31, 2026. The College Investor.

What Is The Average Student Loan Debt In The U.S. In 2026?

$38,400 per borrower across the 50 states, D.C. and Puerto Rico, but half of borrowers owe less than $20,000.

The average federal student loan balance is $38,400 per borrower across the 50 states, D.C. and Puerto Rico, based on Federal Student Aid data as of March 31, 2026. That’s higher than what most graduates leave school with, as our average student loan debt by graduating class data shows.

Balances keep growing after school because of graduate degrees, Parent PLUS loans and years of interest. In total, these 42.7 million borrowers owe $1.64 trillion, and our student loan debt statistics page tracks how that total has changed over time.

Federal Student Aid’s full portfolio is larger, at $1.72 trillion owed by 42.6 million recipients. The difference is about 1.95 million borrowers, owing $52.2 billion, who have no state on file and are left out of every average on this page. Our latest FSA portfolio coverage has the newer national totals.

Most of those borrowers hold older FFEL and Perkins loans that the Education Department doesn’t hold, and the lenders and schools that do were never required to report a borrower’s address. Private student loans aren’t in any of these numbers, and our best student loan refinance lenders roundup covers that side of the market.

Most Borrowers Owe Less Than The Average

Just over half of borrowers (51.5%) owe less than $20,000. A much smaller group with six-figure balances pulls the average up, which is why the average monthly student loan payment looks manageable for most households and crushing for a few.

How Much Federal Student Loan Borrowers Owe, 50 States, D.C. And Puerto Rico
Balance Borrowers Share Of Borrowers Share Of Dollars Share Of Dollars
Less Than $5,000 6,291,000 14.7% 1.1%
$5,000 To $10,000 6,905,300 16.2% 3.1%
$10,000 To $20,000 8,789,400 20.6% 7.8%
$20,000 To $40,000 9,181,900 21.5% 15.9%
$40,000 To $60,000 4,048,700 9.5% 12.1%
$60,000 To $80,000 2,492,700 5.8% 10.5%
$80,000 To $100,000 1,382,600 3.2% 7.5%
$100,000 To $200,000 2,482,400 5.8% 20.9%
$200,000 Or More 1,139,500 2.7% 21.1%

Balances include principal and interest. Bars compare share of dollars. Source: Federal Student Aid. The College Investor.

2.7% of borrowers, 21.1% of the debt: The 1.1 million borrowers who owe $200,000 or more hold $346.6 billion.
Nearly double the small balances: All 22.0 million borrowers who owe under $20,000 hold $194.9 billion combined.

Which States Have The Highest Average Student Loan Debt?

D.C. at $56,200, then Maryland, Georgia, Virginia and Florida.

Washington, D.C. has the highest average federal student loan balance at $56,200. Maryland has the highest of any state at $45,600, and our student loan repayment assistance programs by state list shows which of these places help borrowers pay it down.

Highest Average Student Loan Debt By State, 2026
State Average Balance Borrowers Owe $100K+ Compared To D.C.
1. District Of Columbia $56,200 114,500 16.5%
2. Maryland $45,600 842,400 12.0%
3. Georgia $43,800 1,702,800 10.6%
4. Virginia $41,900 1,085,400 9.8%
5. Florida $41,100 2,747,800 9.4%
6. Illinois $40,800 1,601,600 9.6%
7. Delaware $40,700 137,800 9.9%
8. New York $40,600 2,456,600 9.5%
9. North Carolina $40,500 1,379,500 9.2%
10. Hawaii $40,200 120,900 9.5%

Federal student loans, March 31, 2026. Bars compare average balance with D.C. Source: Federal Student Aid. The College Investor.

D.C. sits $10,600 above Maryland and $17,800 above the overall average. D.C., Maryland, Georgia and Virginia also rank in the top five for borrowers owing $100,000 or more, which points to graduate and professional school debt. Borrowers with balances that large should compare the best student loan repayment plans before picking one.

Six-figure balances almost always involve graduate school or Parent PLUS loans. Federal aggregate limits for undergraduates cap dependent students at $31,000 and independent students at $57,500, so undergraduate borrowing alone rarely reaches $100,000.

For high-balance borrowers in D.C. and Maryland who work in government or at a nonprofit, Public Service Loan Forgiveness can be worth more than any refinance offer.

Which States Have The Lowest Average Student Loan Debt?

North Dakota at $30,200, then South Dakota, Iowa, Wyoming and Oklahoma.

North Dakota has the lowest average federal student loan balance at $30,200. Plains and Mountain states fill most of the bottom 10, and families planning ahead can compare those balances with the average cost of college at in-state public schools today.

Lowest Average Student Loan Debt By State, 2026
State Average Balance Borrowers Owe $100K+ Compared To D.C.
52. North Dakota $30,200 88,400 4.9%
51. South Dakota $31,900 116,700 5.7%
50. Iowa $32,000 423,500 5.7%
49. Wyoming $32,400 54,700 6.4%
48. Oklahoma $33,500 510,900 6.6%
47. Nebraska $33,700 243,600 6.8%
46. Wisconsin $33,800 709,100 6.4%
45. West Virginia $33,800 228,400 6.5%
44. Rhode Island $34,400 149,700 6.9%
43. Kansas $34,500 379,200 6.8%

Federal student loans, March 31, 2026. Bars compare average balance with D.C. Source: Federal Student Aid. The College Investor.

These states also have more small balances. In Wyoming, 36.9% of borrowers owe less than $10,000, compared with 24.9% in D.C. Puerto Rico has the highest share of all at 41.4%, and our Puerto Rico student loan repayment assistance programs page covers local help.

A low average doesn’t mean low risk. Oklahoma ranks 48th of 52 for average balance but ninth for the share of borrowers in default, and our breakdown of how long it really takes to repay student loans shows how much the loan type changes the outcome.

Which States Have The Most Student Loan Borrowers?

Texas edged past California, with Florida, New York and Pennsylvania next.

Texas has the most federal student loan borrowers, with 3,949,900 as of March 31, 2026. California is a close second, and our Texas student loan repayment assistance programs page covers what the state offers.

Most Federal Student Loan Borrowers By State, 2026
State Borrowers Average Balance Compared To Texas
1. Texas 3,949,900 $35,000
2. California 3,919,500 $40,000
3. Florida 2,747,800 $41,100
4. New York 2,456,600 $40,600
5. Pennsylvania 1,853,900 $37,500

Federal student loans, March 31, 2026. Source: Federal Student Aid. The College Investor.

The version of this page we published in December 2025 had California ahead by about 23,600 borrowers. Texas borrowers also owe less on average ($35,000) than California borrowers ($40,000). California borrowers can check the California student loan repayment assistance programs for state help.

Wyoming has the fewest borrowers at 54,700. Borrower counts follow where people live now, not where they went to school, so if you moved after graduating, our complete list of federal student loan servicers has current contact details.

How Many Borrowers Owe More Than $100,000 In Each State?

16.5% in D.C., 4.9% in North Dakota, 8.5% overall.

In Washington, D.C., 16.5% of federal student loan borrowers owe $100,000 or more. That’s more than three times North Dakota’s 4.9%, and borrowers in this group gain the most from the plan our Repayment Assistance Plan explainer walks through.

Maryland (12.0%), Georgia (10.6%), Delaware (9.9%) and Virginia (9.8%) round out the top five. Our RAP vs. IBR comparison shows which plan keeps a big balance from growing.

Why six-figure balances drive state averages: Overall, 8.5% of borrowers owe $100,000 or more but hold 42% of federal student loan dollars. A state with a few more graduate borrowers can post a much higher average even when its typical borrower owes the same $10,000 to $40,000 as everyone else, which is why the Parent PLUS and graduate loan mix matters.

Which States Have The Highest Student Loan Default Rates?

Puerto Rico at 30.9% and Mississippi at 28.3%, with Wisconsin lowest at 15.2%.

Puerto Rico has the highest share of borrowers in default at 30.9%, and Mississippi leads the states at 28.3%. Wisconsin has the lowest share at 15.2%, and our steps for getting out of student loan default cover what to do if you’re in that group.

Share Of Borrowers In Default, Highest And Lowest, 2026
State In Default Average Balance Compared To Highest
1. Puerto Rico 30.9% $34,700
2. Mississippi 28.3% $38,900
3. Louisiana 26.9% $36,200
4. New Mexico 26.5% $35,600
5. Alabama 25.5% $39,200
6. Arizona 25.3% $37,100
50. Massachusetts 15.4% $37,000
51. Utah 15.3% $35,300
52. Wisconsin 15.2% $33,800

Share of borrowers with a defaulted Direct or Department-held FFEL loan, March 2026. Source: Federal Student Aid. The College Investor.

Across the 50 states, D.C. and Puerto Rico, 9.0 million borrowers were in default in March 2026. The national count has since reached 9.3 million borrowers in default in the June 30 data.

$24,300 average defaulted balance: About $14,100 less than the $38,400 average for all borrowers.
7.1 points above average: Mississippi’s average balance ($38,900) is near the national figure, but its default share is far higher.

Default exposes borrowers to tax refund and Social Security offsets and wage garnishment whenever involuntary collections are active. The Education Department and Treasury opened an online portal for borrowers in default on September 30, 2026.

Loan rehabilitation remains the main route back to good standing, and it removes the default notation from your credit report once you finish.

Average Student Loan Debt For All 50 States, D.C. And Puerto Rico

Ranked by average federal student loan balance. Each state links to its repayment assistance programs.

This table ranks every state, D.C. and Puerto Rico by average federal student loan balance as of March 31, 2026. “Owe $100K+” is the share of borrowers with $100,000 or more in federal loans, and “In Default” is the share with a defaulted Direct or Department-held FFEL loan. Each state name links to its state student loan repayment assistance programs page.

Average Federal Student Loan Debt By State, March 31, 2026
State Average Balance Borrowers Owe $100K+ In Default Average Balance
1. District Of Columbia $56,200 114,500 16.5% 24.4%
2. Maryland $45,600 842,400 12.0% 21.3%
3. Georgia $43,800 1,702,800 10.6% 23.3%
4. Virginia $41,900 1,085,400 9.8% 17.6%
5. Florida $41,100 2,747,800 9.4% 21.4%
6. Illinois $40,800 1,601,600 9.6% 18.4%
7. Delaware $40,700 137,800 9.9% 21.0%
8. New York $40,600 2,456,600 9.5% 20.1%
9. North Carolina $40,500 1,379,500 9.2% 21.5%
10. Hawaii $40,200 120,900 9.5% 19.8%
11. South Carolina $40,100 782,300 8.9% 23.3%
12. California $40,000 3,919,500 9.5% 18.6%
13. Oregon $39,500 526,500 8.5% 21.1%
14. Vermont $39,400 74,800 8.8% 16.0%
15. Alabama $39,200 664,000 8.9% 25.5%
16. New Jersey $39,200 1,235,400 8.9% 18.0%
17. Colorado $38,900 764,600 8.6% 18.8%
18. Mississippi $38,900 456,300 9.2% 28.3%
19. Michigan $38,600 1,377,400 8.3% 22.4%
20. Tennessee $38,600 894,800 8.5% 21.9%
21. Connecticut $38,400 515,400 8.5% 17.7%
22. Washington $38,200 776,300 8.6% 16.8%
23. Pennsylvania $37,500 1,853,900 8.0% 19.9%
24. Alaska $37,100 64,500 7.9% 23.3%
25. Arizona $37,100 916,200 8.0% 25.3%
26. Massachusetts $37,000 900,500 8.0% 15.4%
27. Missouri $37,000 826,400 7.7% 21.1%
28. New Hampshire $36,600 187,600 7.7% 15.5%
29. Ohio $36,300 1,770,800 7.2% 24.2%
30. Louisiana $36,200 693,900 7.7% 26.9%
31. Nevada $36,000 368,000 7.7% 25.3%
32. Maine $35,700 186,600 7.1% 18.8%
33. Minnesota $35,600 772,700 6.8% 16.2%
34. Montana $35,600 126,300 7.2% 19.8%
35. New Mexico $35,600 226,000 7.7% 26.5%
36. Arkansas $35,400 408,400 7.3% 21.1%
37. Utah $35,300 313,400 7.0% 15.3%
38. Kentucky $35,100 615,600 7.0% 19.7%
39. Texas $35,000 3,949,900 7.3% 22.2%
40. Idaho $34,800 216,500 6.7% 19.9%
41. Puerto Rico $34,700 337,000 8.5% 30.9%
42. Indiana $34,500 898,500 6.6% 23.6%
43. Kansas $34,500 379,200 6.8% 22.1%
44. Rhode Island $34,400 149,700 6.9% 18.7%
45. West Virginia $33,800 228,400 6.5% 25.0%
46. Wisconsin $33,800 709,100 6.4% 15.2%
47. Nebraska $33,700 243,600 6.8% 17.7%
48. Oklahoma $33,500 510,900 6.6% 24.7%
49. Wyoming $32,400 54,700 6.4% 21.9%
50. Iowa $32,000 423,500 5.7% 20.8%
51. South Dakota $31,900 116,700 5.7% 17.1%
52. North Dakota $30,200 88,400 4.9% 18.1%
All 50 States, D.C. And Puerto Rico $38,400 42,713,500 8.5% 21.2%

Federal student loans, March 31, 2026. Bars compare average balance with D.C. Source: Federal Student Aid. The College Investor.

Does Your State’s Average Debt Change Your Monthly Payment?

Your own balance and income set your payment, not your state’s average.

On a 10-year standard schedule at 6% interest, the average D.C. balance costs about $624 a month and the average North Dakota balance costs about $335. Under the Repayment Assistance Plan (RAP), payments run from 1% to 10% of adjusted gross income, so a single borrower with a $55,000 AGI pays about $229 a month in either place.

Same Income, Different Debt: Monthly Payments In 2026
Borrower Lives In Average Balance 10-Year Standard At 6% RAP, Single, $55K AGI
District Of Columbia $56,200 $624/mo $229/mo
All 50 States, D.C. And Puerto Rico $38,400 $426/mo $229/mo
North Dakota $30,200 $335/mo $229/mo

Standard payment assumes 6% interest over 10 years. RAP payment is 5% of AGI divided by 12. Source: Federal Student Aid. The College Investor.

RAP waives unpaid interest and adds up to a $50 principal match on each on-time payment, which keeps a large balance from growing when the payment doesn’t cover interest. Borrowers who took out loans before July 1, 2026 can still compare RAP with IBR, and our RAP vs. IBR comparison walks through who comes out ahead.

Three Steps To Benchmark Your Own Debt

Find Your Real BalanceLog in at StudentAid.gov to see every federal loan, then check the servicer list if you don’t know who handles it.
Run Your PaymentPlug your balance and income into our RAP calculator, or compare every plan in the student loan calculator.
Check Your State’s HelpMany states repay loans for teachers, nurses, doctors and lawyers. Start with our repayment assistance programs by state.

Compare More OptionsBest Student Loan Refinance Lenders · RAP Calculator

How We Calculated These Numbers

Federal Student Aid’s state-level portfolio files, data as of March 31, 2026.

We used three Federal Student Aid Data Center reports: Portfolio by Borrower Location, Portfolio by Location and Debt Size, and Defaulted Portfolio by Location. Average balance equals total outstanding principal and interest divided by borrowers, summed across the debt-size report’s nine balance ranges for more precision, then rounded to the nearest $100. Our student loan debt statistics page explains how this federal data differs from Federal Reserve totals.

Loans included: Direct Loans, FFEL and Perkins Loans in open status. Private student loans are not included.
Location: The borrower’s current address as reported by the servicer. Parent PLUS loans count under the parent’s address, as our Parent PLUS loan explainer notes.
Default share: Defaulted Direct Loan and Department-held FFEL borrowers divided by all borrowers in the state, so it slightly understates default on commercially held FFEL loans.
Not included: 1.95 million borrowers with no state on file, mostly older FFEL and Perkins loans held outside the Education Department, and 96,500 borrowers living outside the U.S. and its territories. Read more in our latest FSA portfolio coverage.

Average Student Loan Debt By State FAQs

Which State Has The Highest Average Student Loan Debt In 2026?

Washington, D.C. has the highest average federal student loan balance at $56,200. Among the 50 states, Maryland leads at $45,600, followed by Georgia at $43,800. D.C. borrowers can check the District of Columbia student loan repayment assistance programs for local help.

Which State Has The Lowest Average Student Loan Debt In 2026?

North Dakota has the lowest average federal student loan balance at $30,200. South Dakota ($31,900) and Iowa ($32,000) are next. North Dakota borrowers can also look at the North Dakota student loan repayment assistance programs for employer and state help.

Does This Data Include Private Student Loans?

No. These averages cover federal student loans only: Direct Loans, FFEL and Perkins. Private student loans add about $176 billion nationally, according to our student loan debt statistics, and are not reported by state in federal data.

Is My State’s Average A Good Benchmark For My Own Debt?

Only loosely. Just over half of federal borrowers owe less than $20,000, and a small group with six-figure balances pulls every state’s average up. Compare your balance against the average monthly student loan payment too.

How Often Is Student Loan Data By State Updated?

Federal Student Aid publishes portfolio-by-location data quarterly, and the state files can lag the national summary by a quarter. Our average student loan debt by year page tracks how balances change by graduating class.

Sources
FSA: Federal Student Loan Portfolio
FSA: Portfolio By Location And Debt Size
FSA: Defaulted Portfolio By Location
StudentAid.gov: Federal Loan Limits
The College Investor: How RAP Works
The College Investor: 9.3 Million In Default

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if(navigator.share){var ns=el(‘button’,’sm-sbtn’,’More’);ns.type=”button”;ns.setAttribute(‘aria-label’,’Share ‘+d.n+’ with another app’);ns.addEventListener(‘click’,function(){navigator.share({title:’Average Student Loan Debt By State’,text:txt,url:url}).catch(function(){})});row.appendChild(ns)}
var cp=el(‘button’,’sm-sbtn’,’Copy Link’);cp.type=”button”;cp.addEventListener(‘click’,function(){function done(){cp.textContent=”Copied”}function fb(){var t=document.createElement(‘textarea’);t.value=txt+’ ‘+url;document.body.appendChild(t);t.select();try{document.execCommand(‘copy’);done()}catch(e){}document.body.removeChild(t)}if(navigator.clipboard){navigator.clipboard.writeText(txt+’ ‘+url).then(done,fb)}else{fb()}});row.appendChild(cp);
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})();

Editor: Ashley Barnett

Reviewed by: Robert Farrington

The post Average Student Loan Debt By State In 2026 appeared first on The College Investor.



When Everyone Uses AI to Write Marketing Copy, It All Becomes Invisible. Here’s How to Actually Get Attention

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When Everyone Uses AI to Write Marketing Copy, It All Becomes Invisible. Here’s How to Actually Get Attention



The best marketing copy doesn’t rely on AI to generate content strategy. Reclaim customers with marketing copy competitors can’t duplicate.

Apple Card $100 Signup Bonus

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Apple Card $100 Signup Bonus


The Offer

Direct Link to offer 

  • Apple Card is offering $100 bonus when you sign up for a new Apple Card and spend $100 within the first 30 days. 

Card Details 

  • No annual fee
  • No foreign transaction fee
  • 3% cash back at Apple and various other retailer partners, see this post
  • 2% cash back when using Apple Pay
  • 1% cash back when using the physical card

Our Verdict

Traditionally, Apple Card did not have any signup bonus, though there have been many offers sent out over the years, some better than this $100 offer. This one is still notable as a publicly available offer with a dedicated landing page for anyone to use and so I thought it worth sharing. 

Hat tip to dealgamer

Qualcomm Just Opened a New AI Growth Engine. Here’s Why It Matters.

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Qualcomm (QCOM -2.61%) is trying to turn its power-efficient computing expertise into a real data-center AI business. It’s hypercaler customers give the strategy an important proof point, but the bigger upside depends on repeat wins, later chip generations, and attractive margins.

Stock prices used were the market prices of Sept. 18, 2026. The video was published on Oct. 4, 2026.

Rick Orford has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has positions in and recommends Qualcomm. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy. Rick Orford is an affiliate of The Motley Fool and may be compensated for promoting its services. If you choose to subscribe through their link, they will earn some extra money that supports their channel. Their opinions remain their own and are unaffected by The Motley Fool.

The big interview: Exec says crowded non-QM field could squeeze smaller lenders

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“There are certainly some people out there whose model in certain non-QM is to bulk up loans, and they got it handed to them,” he said. “Market moves, some were hedged, and others were not hedged.”

He has not heard of any that went out of business, though some took heavy losses.

“If you’re bulking and let’s say you just lost $15 million on a trade of $300, $400 million, how many of those trades have you had in the last 24 months where you made $15, $20 million?” he said.

Halpern had also heard, though not firsthand, about a mortgage bank left unhedged on a couple hundred million dollars in loans when the market moved.

“My first thought is, okay, well, that’ll be good because maybe it puts someone out of business, maybe there’s more business that comes,” he said. “Then I thought about it, and that’s not necessarily a good thing because ultimately who has a problem? It’s the warehouse banks. If the warehouse banks have a problem right now, they’re going to be looking at our haircuts, right? So it goes from anywhere from 100 to 95.”

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