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Tim Cook and Reed Hastings just showed every CEO how to leave gracefully


In September 1960, John Updike sat in the Fenway Park stands and watched Ted Williams take his final at-bat. He drove a fastball 440 feet over the right-centerfield wall, rounded the bases head down and disciplined, and ran straight into the dugout. The crowd begged him to come out, tip his cap, take their adulation. He didn’t. The opposing pitcher waited on the mound, certain Williams would relent. Most players would have. Williams waved him off and never came back out.

Updike titled his account of that afternoon Hub Fans Bid Kid Adieu — one of the greatest pieces of sportswriting ever published, about one of the greatest exits in the history of American sport.

Sixty-five years later, two of the most consequential business leaders of this century — Tim Cook of Apple and Reed Hastings of Netflix — have given us the corporate equivalent. No grandstanding. No extended farewell tours. No carefully staged vulnerability on a podcast circuit. Just a clean, disciplined exit. In a business culture that increasingly rewards visibility over substance, both men offered a different model. Neither built their careers around personal brand. They weren’t the story, and they weren’t trying to be. They focused on building institutions that would endure — and in doing so, reshaped entire industries: how we communicate, how we consume media, and how we spend our time.

Like Williams, they understood that how you leave is part of what you built. And in both cases, the exit was as instructive as anything they did in the corner office.

The Impossible Job Tim Cook Made Look Routine

Cook had the nearly impossible task of following Steve Jobs. Rather than imitate him, he redefined the role. Under his leadership, Apple became not just a product company but an operational machine and a supply chain marvel. Most companies make a tradeoff between scale and margin. Apple, under Cook, managed both — and that is extraordinarily rare. It requires not just vision, but execution at a level that compounds over time: thousands of small decisions made well, supplier relationships managed tightly, production scaled without losing quality. There is very little glamour in that kind of work. It does not lend itself to headlines. But it is, in many ways, the difference between a good company and a great one.

Cook also brought steadiness to Apple at a moment when that was exactly what the company needed. Following a founder like Jobs is not just a strategic challenge — it is a psychological one. The temptation is to mimic, to chase the aura. Cook did neither. He leaned into his own strengths and in doing so extended Apple’s trajectory in a way that few successors in any industry ever manage.

The Disruptor Who Kept Disrupting Himself

Hastings, by contrast, was a scrappy and visionary disruptor. His career is a masterclass in seeing where the world is going and getting there before the competition knows it’s changing. From DVDs disrupting Blockbuster, to streaming, to binge viewing, to collapsing traditional release windows, Hastings consistently moved ahead of the market. Importantly, these were not isolated bets. They were part of a sequence. Each move built on the last. DVDs created a direct consumer relationship. Streaming removed friction. Binge viewing changed behavior. Original content shifted the power dynamic with suppliers. Over time, Netflix moved from distributor to platform to studio.

Hastings also rethought how companies operate. His shift from the idea of a “family” to a “professional sports team” — where every position is constantly evaluated against the best available — wasn’t cultural rhetoric. It was a recognition that in fast-moving industries, sentimentality can be a liability. Performance matters. Fit matters. The willingness to make hard decisions matters.

The Exit Strategy Nobody Teaches

What is almost never discussed — and what may be their most durable contribution to leadership practice — is how both men handled succession. In many companies, leadership transitions turn into awkward internal contests: quiet bake-offs where senior executives are pitted against one another, with one winner and several visible losers. Those who don’t get the job leave diminished, sometimes humiliated, and the institution absorbs the damage quietly for years. Cook and Hastings avoided that dynamic entirely.

Their transitions were clear, deliberate, and respectful of the broader organization. They signaled confidence in the next generation without creating internal drama or uncertainty. That discipline is not just good governance — it preserves culture, protects the institution, and reinforces that the company is bigger than any one individual.

In an era of celebrity CEOs, there is something almost countercultural about that approach. Today, many leaders are rewarded for visibility, narrative, and personal brand. The performance can become the point. The storytelling can outpace the substance. Cook and Hastings offered a different model. The work was the point. The results were the reward.

Both men, of course, made mistakes. No career at that level is flawless. But over long arcs, they were consistently effective — grounded in strategy and innovation, willing to take intelligent risks, and honest enough about their own limitations to plan their own obsolescence rather than resist it.

What Williams Knew That Most Leaders Don’t

Great leadership isn’t about visibility or personal brand. It’s about making a series of high-quality decisions over time, often without recognition in the moment. It’s about building systems and cultures that outlast you. And, ultimately, it’s about knowing when to step away.

That last part is often harder than it looks. Many leaders, like athletes, stay too long. They chase one more win, one more cycle, one more moment in the spotlight — and in doing so, risk diminishing everything they built. Updike understood what made Williams’ exit so moving: it wasn’t just the home run. It was the refusal to cheapen it with a curtain call.

Cook and Hastings didn’t linger. They did the job. They changed the game. And then, like Williams rounding third and disappearing into the dugout, they left the field. No curtain call. No farewell tour. No tip of the hat. Just the record, standing on its own.

Hub fans bid kid adieu. And this time, the kids were in the corner office.

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.

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‘You should not be in this game’: Social media sold credit card points dreams, but left out the debt



There is a genre of content on social media where people sit in front of a camera and read their credit card balances out loud—and not from one card, but all of them. $7,500 on one, $8,900 on another, $10,000 on a third. Then a fourth, a fifth. “Everybody wants an Amex Pink card until they have to pay this,” says another user, alluding to the Rose Gold variant, before flashing a five-figure balance. The total climbs past $30,000, $50,000, sometimes $60,000, and that’s before student loans, car payments, and personal loans. The caption is always some version of “pay off debt with me in 2026.”

Elsewhere on social media, a different kind of creator flashes a metal card, walks through an airport lounge, settles into a lie-flat seat, and tells you this could be yours if you just sign up, with the link in bio.

The credit card influencer industrial complex has never been bigger, or more consequential. At a moment when American credit card debt has hit an all-time high of $1.28 trillion and average APRs have climbed past 21%, a generation of consumers is making financial decisions based on 45-second videos created by people who are paid to get them to apply.

A record high, and rising

Americans’ total credit card balance hit $1.277 trillion as of the fourth quarter of 2025, the highest since the New York Fed began tracking the data in 1999. The average cardholder now carries between $6,500 and $6,800 in revolving debt, well above pre-pandemic levels. According to Bankrate’s 2026 survey, 47% of American cardholders carry a balance from month to month, with the rate climbing to 53% among millennials and Gen Xers. That’s complicated with interest rates: the average APR four years ago was less than 15%. By 2024, it was over 21%, and a growing number of Americans now face rates above 30%. As Fortune reported in January, credit card companies are taking larger interest payments from those who carry a balance and redistribute them as rewards to people who don’t.

Nick Ewen, editor-in-chief of The Points Guy, holds 28 active credit cards. He audits every one when the annual fee posts. His wife carries a handwritten cheat sheet of which authorized-user card to use for which purchase category, updated every three months. When asked which card to get, he recommends a lifestyle audit. But he, a man whose full-time job is monitoring credit cards, has a cheatsheet to stay on top of the perks, and the balances.

“I have never once paid a cent of credit card interest,” he says. “If you are carrying a balance month to month, you should not be in this game.”

“These premium cards, the increased annual fees and all of these new benefits, it takes time to understand them and to utilize them properly,” Ewen says. “You have to be honest with yourself. Are you going to take the time to learn how to use all of them? Because if you don’t, you’re leaving money on the table, and there is most likely a lower fee or a no fee card that would be a better fit.”

Richard Kerr, head of travel at Bilt and a veteran of the points-and-miles space since before Instagram existed, uses an analogy he returns to in every talk he gives. Picture a traffic jam on the 405 outside LAX. Everyone within a mile gets out of their car. You ask all of them to explain the best way to use airline miles.

“Three people are going to know how to answer that question,” Kerr says. “It is such a niche space of how many people fully understand this.”

“I would say 90% of people who ask me what travel card to get, I end up not recommending a travel card for them,” he says. “I’m like, tell me where you’re flying this year. And they’re like, ‘Oh, we might go see grandma in Florida.’ You probably don’t need a travel card. You probably need a shopping or cash back card.”

Kerr has watched the influencer ecosystem grow around credit cards for over a decade. He doesn’t dismiss the influencers outright. But he doesn’t endorse what the ecosystem is producing either. “They’re doing a good job doing what their job is, which is influencing people to make decisions. I just don’t know if encouraging that deep of a rabbit hole behavior is a good thing.”

Kerr got into the points-and-miles world by creating a viral Facebook group about credit card rewards before eventually joining The Points Guy. The Instagram points influencer, he notes, didn’t exist when he started. “It’s really done its job,” he said, “and sold the dream to people who probably don’t need that dream sold to them, and should just be getting a flat 2% cash back card.”

A generation going deeper

A 2026 Bankrate survey found that 34% of Gen Zers have no emergency savings at all. Members of Gen Z are carrying $500 more in credit card debt than millennials did at the same age. And a lot of it is induced by what they see on social media. The problem is so widespread in China that the country last year passed a law requiring any content creator discussing medicine, health, law, finance, or education to prove verified professional credentials before posting or going live.

What the content doesn’t show is the effort it requires: tracking rotating bonus categories across multiple cards, comparing portal prices against direct booking rates, understanding transfer partner valuations, running an honest annual calculation of whether each card’s benefits exceed its fee. Ewen and Kerr do this professionally. The person who signed up for a $695 card after a 45-second video almost certainly does not.

“The average American is not going to do that,” Kerr said, advising most to realize that they just don’t have enough self-control and these cards were not meant for them.

Matt Schulz, chief consumer finance analyst at LendingTree, said the influencer incentive structure makes this worse. “I don’t think a lot of influencers do a good enough job explaining how hard managing points and miles actually is,” he told Fortune. “And I completely understand why they don’t, because it’s in their own interest not to.”

Credit card affiliates earn commissions when a viewer applies through their link. Schulz says the sign-up bonus itself is frequently misunderstood. “People don’t necessarily understand that the sign-up bonus is actually a ‘spend $5,000 in three months and then get the bonus’ bonus,” he said. “People end up getting over their skis, and when you’re talking about 25% APRs, it outweighs the perks in a big hurry if you end up carrying a balance.”

Most luxury travel content, Schulz noted, is funded not by personal spending but by business expenses run through a card. “That’s how a lot of big influencers afford all of this. They’re putting all of their business expenses on credit cards and turning it into first class on Emirates to Dubai. And the average person is like, ‘I just want to go to Disney once a year.’”

“We’ve seen data over the years that say that most people just want a simple card,” Schulz says. “And for most people, the extra effort isn’t really going to move the needle all that much.”

Ewen, Kerr, and Schulz all arrive at the same recommendation for most consumers: a no-annual-fee card with a flat 2% cash back on everything. “Never a wrong way to go,” Kerr says.

How To Get A Student Loan (Federal and Private)


About two-thirds of families borrow student loans to pay for college – but can be confusing on how to get a student loan, especially depending on the type of loan you need.

Whether you need a Federal student loan, or a private student loan, there are certain things you need to know about how to take out a student loan.

While it would be great to cover all your college costs using a combination of savings, help from family members, scholarships, and your personal income, those funds aren’t always going to cut it. Many college-bound students will need to apply for student loans to cover the gap between the cost of education and their limited resources.

This guide explains how to apply for student loans, and how to select the amount to borrow when you take out the loans.

A good starting point: How To Find The Best Student Loan Rates >>

Table of Contents

How to Apply for a Federal Student Loan
Criteria And Requirements For A Federal Student Loan
Fill Out the FAFSA
Review the Aid Offer from Your School
Take Out The Appropriate Student Loan Amount
How to Apply for Private Student Loans
Gather All Your Documents
Compare Rates from a Few Lenders
Apply for Identical Loans from at Least Two Lenders
Take Out The Best Student Loan Offer

How to Apply for a Federal Student Loan

For U.S. citizens applying for educational loans in the U.S., the FAFSA application is the starting point for Federal student loans. Here’s how you apply for Federal student loans.

Criteria And Requirements For A Federal Student Loan

If you’re looking to get a federal student loan here’s the criteria:

  • Have a valid Social Security number.
  • Men must be registered with the selective service. Male students between 18-25 have to register with the selective service to receive loans.
  • Be a citizen or eligible noncitizen. Undocumented immigrants are not eligible to receive federal or state funding. Permanent residents with green cards can apply for aid. Immigrants with T-1, battered-immigrant-qualified alien, or refugee status may also be eligible.
  • Have a high school diploma or equivalent, such as a GED or certificate from a homeschooling program.
  • Enroll in an eligible school. Students at unaccredited schools might not qualify for federal aid. Some schools also choose not to receive federal aid.
  • Fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid. Any high schooler interested in financial aid needs to fill out the FAFSA, a form that asks for your family’s financial information to determine how much you qualify for. Even those with little to no demonstrated need can be eligible for student loans, so officers encourage everyone to apply. Without the FAFSA, you won’t receive any federal loans, scholarships or grants.
  • Be in good standing with federal financial aid. Students can’t be in default on other federal loans or owe money on a federal grant.
  • Maintain a 2.0 GPA. Students need to maintain a 2.0 cumulative GPA or risk losing financial aid until their grades improve.
  • Be at part-time status or more. Students must be considered part-time to be eligible for loans. Each college determines what part-time and full-time status means, so ask your financial aid officer how many credits you’ll need to take.

Fill Out the FAFSA

Applying for Federal student loans starts by filling out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). To fill out the application, you’ll need your information and your parents’ information from tax filing from two years ago (for the 2026-2027 school year, you’ll need the 2025 tax returns), plus information about your parents’ assets, your assets, and other financial details.

Once you submit the FAFSA, your school (or schools of choice if you’re still deciding where to attend) will create a student aid report for you. This report will include information about free aid (such as grants, scholarships, and more). It will also show information about work-study options and, of course, student loans.

In the United States, almost all schools use the FAFSA to issue need-based aid to students. Even if you don’t plan to take out student loans, you should be completing the FAFSA. You may learn that you qualify for grants or extra scholarships from your school of choice based on your financial status.

Some schools may use the CSS Profile, but that’s for financial aid, not student loans.

Review the Aid Offer from Your School

About two weeks after you submit the FAFSA to your school, you can expect to receive an aid offer (most financial aid offers usually arrive between January and March). The offer will include information about all sources of aid including:

  • Scholarships
  • Grants
  • Work-study programs
  • Subsidized student loans
  • Unsubsidized student loans

In general, you want to take all the free money you can get. That means accepting the scholarships and the grants. If you plan to live on campus, you may want to consider taking the work-study offer too.

However, consider work-study as a baseline for your earnings, not a cap. Often, work-study jobs do not pay very well. Side hustles like reffing soccer or basketball, tutoring, waiting tables and tending a bar, or any form of skilled labor typically pay much better.

And, of course, starting a business may be the best way to earn money during college.

The last form of aid will be student loans. These will include subsidized loans, which have a lower interest rate (and interest doesn’t accrue while you’re in school), and unsubsidized loans (where interest starts accruing right away).

Read our full guide to paying for college here >>

Take Out The Appropriate Student Loan Amount

Once you review the offer, you can accept any part of the offer you want. You do not have to take out all the loans. In fact, I recommend borrowing as little as possible to pay for your tuition and other upfront costs. You also have to content with federal student loan borrowing limits, which are very low.

Between savings, frugal living, and working, most undergraduate students can pay for their living expenses without borrowing money.

Student loans aren’t free money. You will have to pay them back. It always makes sense to look for alternatives to borrowing to pay for your education.

It may seem smart to borrow a little extra now, but I advise against that. After college, you may have a salary of $50,000 to $60,000 to start (or even lower in many fields). That sounds like a lot of money, but paying back $50,000+ of student loans on a starter salary is a huge challenge.

Think about your future self, and limit your borrowing today. You might also want to make sure you complete the student loan entrance counseling first so you have a good understanding of the expectations for repayment. You can also use The College Investor’s How Much Student Debt Can You Afford Calculator to see what the future repayment would look like.

Finally, remember that the collateral for student loans is your future earnings!

Collateral For Student Loan Debt | Source: The College Investor

Source: The College Investor

How to Apply for Private Student Loans

In some cases, students in the U.S. may want to apply for private student loans rather than Federal student loans. A few reasons to consider private loans include:

  • You want to attend a non-accredited educational opportunity (such as a coding bootcamp).
  • You plan to take one course at a time (you need at least half-time enrollment to qualify for most Federal programs).
  • You’re not a U.S. citizen, so you don’t qualify for Federal loans.
  • You have a strong income and a strong credit score, so private lenders may offer better rates than the unsubsidized Federal loans.
  • You’re refinancing your existing student loans to a private lender with a substantially lower interest rate.

If one of these situations applies to you, then follow these steps below to apply for private student loans.

Gather All Your Documents

When you apply for any loan, you’ll need documents to prove your income, credit score, and whether you have assets. In general, you’ll need the following:

  • Tax returns or W-2 forms from the previous years.
  • Employment pay stubs.
  • Personal identification information (driver’s license, etc.).
  • Bank statements.
  • If you’re applying for private loans while attending school, you’ll need information about the cost of attending.
  • If you have a cosigner, you’ll need their information too.
  • Loan documents for existing student loans (if refinancing).

Compare Rates from a Few Lenders

Once you’ve gathered up the information, start doing some loan shopping. We recommend the lenders on our Best Places To Find Private Student Loans list.

Many lenders allow you to preview rates without having a hard credit pull. You can also “shop” for rates using sites like Credible.

Comparing rates using an aggregation site (like Credible) will help you get a feel for the interest rates and terms available to you.

Apply for Identical Loans from at Least Two Lenders

After unofficially comparing rates, apply for loans from at least two lenders. That way you can pick the best possible interest rate. The underwriting and approval process can take anywhere from a few hours to a few weeks depending on the lender.

Remember to also compare key features like loan repayment terms, loan discharge options (like disability discharge), and more.

Take Out The Best Student Loan Offer

When you have a few loan offers in hand, compare them to see which loan is the best for you. Then sign the loan documents and move forward with your education or paying off your loans.

If you have a cosigner, you may also want to get a term life insurance policy to protect your cosigner should anything happen to you. A term life insurance policy for the loan balance (when you’re a young adult) can be very inexpensive.

Remember, some private student loans require immediate payments, so make sure you double-check your lender and their repayment plans before you commit.

Editor: Clint Proctor

Reviewed by: Colin Graves

The post How To Get A Student Loan (Federal and Private) appeared first on The College Investor.

Chase Sapphire Preferred 10% Anniversary Bonus Going Away


Chase Sapphire Preferred 10% Anniversary Bonus Going Away

The Chase Sapphire Preferred card offers a 10% anniversary points bonus. Each account anniversary year, you’ll earn bonus points that equal 10% of your total spend in points from purchases made with your credit card during the previous account anniversary year at a rate of 1 point for each $1 spent.

This bonus is just based on the total spend for the anniversary year, and not the points you have earned during those 12 months. So if you spend $50,000, you will receive an anniversary bonus of 5,000 points. 

It’s just an extra 0.1X on all your spend so it’s not a huge bonus. But it’s apparently big enough for Chase to take it away. Some Chase Sapphire Preferred cardholders are now seeing the following message in their app:

“The Anniversary Bonus is retiring. You will continue to earn 10% of your spend through 10/1/26.”

This is showing under Rewards Activity, but I don’t see it in my account. Maybe they jumped the gun on publishing it, and they removed it. Or maybe it’s only showing for some people.

Update: I reached out to Chase for comment and they said the following via email:

“This update appeared early in our app. The benefit will be discontinued as we regularly evaluate and update our benefits based on cardmember feedback and what benefits resonate most. We look forward to sharing additional updates to the Sapphire Preferred card in the near term.”

HT: BillardMcLarry

Is The Trade Desk Stock Finally a Buy? Or Is Its Slide Justified?


Shares of digital advertising specialist The Trade Desk (TTD 2.15%) tumbled on Friday morning after the company reported its first-quarter results late Thursday. The sell-off added to what has already been a brutal stretch for the growth stock, which is now down more than 40% year to date.

So is the steep pullback finally a chance to get into a name once viewed as a high-quality way to play the shift of advertising dollars to the open internet? Or is the stock’s recent beating justified?

Despite the stock’s meaningful decline this year, I’ll be staying on the sidelines — at least for now.

Image source: Getty Images.

A growth story losing steam

The Trade Desk’s first-quarter report wasn’t necessarily bad. The ad-tech company posted revenue of $689 million during the period, up 12% year over year, living up to the company’s guidance for revenue of “at least” $678 million. Additionally, customer retention remained above 95%, as it has for over a decade. And free cash flow stayed healthy, at $276 million — 40% of revenue.

But when viewed in the context of the type of growth the Trade Desk shareholders are accustomed to, it’s pretty disappointing.

Revenue grew 25% in the first quarter of 2025. By the fourth quarter, the growth rate had slipped to 14%. The first-quarter 2026 figure of 12% marks yet another step lower. And profitability went the wrong way, too. Non-GAAP (adjusted) earnings per share fell to $0.28 from $0.33 a year earlier, with adjusted EBITDA margins compressing meaningfully versus the year-ago period.

This is the kind of trend that should give investors pause. After all, even at much lower stock prices, investors are still paying for growth, given the stock’s valuation. Shares trade at a price-to-earnings ratio of 26.

The Trade Desk Stock Quote

Today’s Change

(-2.15%) $-0.51

Current Price

$22.98

A tough macroeconomic backdrop and weak guidance

But here’s my main concern.

During The Trade Desk’s first-quarter earnings call, CEO Jeff Green indicated that the current macroeconomic environment is weighing on its business.

“The macro environment has certainly become more complex in 2026,” Green said. “Geopolitical tensions have increased. All advertisers and agencies are navigating a rapidly evolving landscape. Global economic pressures, wars, and tariffs have created an environment that is harder for some brands and some brand categories to grow.”

That backdrop helps frame management’s softer outlook for the second quarter.

The Trade Desk guided for second-quarter revenue of at least $750 million — an outlook implying year-over-year growth of just about 8%. This would be yet another notable step down from the 12% growth posted in Q1.

During the earnings call, management cited the macroeconomic environment as one of the factors behind the company’s lower growth rates in 2026. But here’s the issue. There’s no guarantee that the global economy will improve anytime soon, and you can’t rule out things getting worse before they get better. Tariff policies remain unsettled, and geopolitical tensions could take years to ease. Further, new economic issues could arise.

Sure, The Trade Desk’s stock isn’t priced like it was a year ago. Shares are down sharply from their 52-week high of $91.45, and the stock’s forward price-to-earnings ratio has compressed substantially to just 19. But cheaper isn’t the same as cheap enough — not when revenue growth has dropped from the mid-20s to low double digits and is staring down a backdrop that may take a while to improve (or could even get worse).

I’d rather put my money to work in a business growing at strong rates relative to its valuation — one that doesn’t need a meaningful improvement in the macro environment to deliver. Until The Trade Desk’s growth shows signs of reaccelerating, or the stock comes down even further to compensate for these risks, I’m comfortable watching from the sidelines.

Title agent accused of rebranding to evade fraud penalty


First American Title Insurance Co. is suing a former agent to recover sums owed after her firm erroneously wired funds, claiming she changed her business’ name to evade more than $600,000 in penalties.

Processing Content

In a lawsuit filed in Eastern District Court of New York, First American accused Patricia Stein-Oliva, principal of Consumer Direct Title Agency, of rebranding to its current name in an effort to avoid likely future financial obligations, just as judges were determining an appropriate penalty after ruling against her in an earlier civil suit.  

Stein-Oliva formerly owned and headed Long Island, New York-based Liberty National Title Agency, which entered into an agreement to become a policy issuer for First American in 2012. In the current lawsuit, Liberty, two Consumer Direct entities in New York and Florida and Stein-Oliva are all listed as defendants. 

“This action seeks to unwind that fraudulent scheme and to hold each defendant – each a mere alter ego of Liberty – jointly responsible,” First American attorneys wrote, referring to the lawsuit. 

“Defendants have abused the corporate form to insulate Liberty and its principal from satisfying the judgment they indisputably owe.”

The sequence of events

In a June 2020 New York residential transaction where Liberty was assigned as closing and settlement agent, the firm received a faxed statement indicating a mortgage held by the Department of Housing and Urban Development had been paid off. Instructions directed Liberty to wire payoff funds to a Comerica Bank account belonging to FF Operations. 

Despite public HUD and servicer policies stating wire funds were not acceptable for payoffs, Liberty sent more than $371,000 held in client escrow to what turned out to be a fraudulent account, failing to confirm the validity of the instructions with any of the transaction’s other associated parties, attorneys wrote. Non-verification constituted a violation of Liberty’s agreement and underwriting requirements with First American.

The Southern California-based title company was eventually forced to cover the full amount fraudulently wired to comply with terms of its insurance policy after Stein-Oliva refused to pay from her own business funds, despite terms of their contract.

A civil suit lodged by the title company two years later eventually led to a court decision in 2024 in favor of First American. The judge’s ruling found Stein-Oliva’s company liable for $611,070, a total that included compensatory damages and related legal fees. 

Upon collection attempt, Stein-Oliva declared under oath that Liberty ceased operations in December 2024 and no longer owned any assets.

“Investigation into Liberty’s activities revealed that it had in fact not ceased operations, as Stein‑Oliva had falsely affirmed, and had instead simply changed its name to avoid satisfaction of the judgment,” First American’s lawyers stated in the legal filing.

Further investigation uncovered that in August 2024 — while determination of the amount  of monetary damages owed was underway — Stein-Oliva had formed Consumer Direct Title Agency in New York. Findings also showed Liberty continued operating under its own name as a foreign corporation in Florida. 

In January 2025, immediately after financial damages were awarded, Liberty withdrew from Florida, replaced by a newly incorporated Consumer Direct Title Agency, with Stein-Oliva listed as president. Headquarters of the new title firm corresponded to its New York counterpart, with the address of both at the same Melville, New York location previously belonging to Liberty. 

“Stein‑Oliva — the sole principal of both Liberty and the Consumer Direct entities — exercised exclusive dominion and control over each entity, orchestrated the restructuring and rebranding of the business, and deployed the Consumer Direct entities as a mere continuation and alter ego of Liberty to evade satisfaction of the judgment,” the lawsuit claimed. 

With those findings, First American was able to garnish over $90,000 of the amount owed still held in a Liberty bank account. 

The lawsuit also pointed to Stein-Oliva’s public acknowledgements that Consumer Direct was “formerly Liberty National Title” on various social media channels and in marketing materials, where she referred to the new name as a “rebrand.”

With the marketing claiming a direct link to Liberty and continuity of leadership, First American characterized that the rebrand to Consumer Direct entities effectively qualified as a “de facto” merger, which would make them responsible for assuming Liberty’s legal obligations

“This sequencing and continuity were undertaken for the purpose of hindering, delaying or avoiding enforcement of Liberty’s judgment obligations while continuing the same title insurance business under a different name and corporate form,” attorneys alleged.

Consumer Direct did not respond to an emailed request for comment regarding the allegations. A representative from First American said the company could not publicly comment on active litigation.  

Along with the remaining compensation owed in connection with the 2020 fraudulent wire and initial penalty judgement, First American is requesting courts to impose a constructive trust or lien over assets belonging to Consumer Direct and order an accounting of all its assets, revenues and business activity. It is also asking for “further legal, equitable, and declaratory relief as the court deems just and proper” and imposition of measures to prevent Stein-Oliva from transferring or concealing existing assets of her business. 



Trump administration reaches deal with non-profit over DC golf courses




Trump administration reaches deal with non-profit over DC golf courses